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考研英语三大主题词汇总

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发表于 2019-6-5 12:32:42 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
不知大家有没有发现,考研英语每年考察的阅读或者作文都紧跟时事,考的多是一些最近发生的事,毕竟不论什么科目,都是为了让大家更好地了解我们生活的世界。今天为大家总结了三大热门类的词汇,快收藏备用。

  一、经济贸易类

  现在社会,什么都离不开经济,比如一直沸沸扬扬的“中美贸易战”,所有经济贸易一定是个很热门的话题。

  1.改革产业结构 reform the structure of industries

  2.亏损企业 loss-making enterprises

  3.搞活企业 enliven enterprises

  4.加快现代化步伐 quicken the modernization drive

  5.跨国公司 transnational corporation / multinational corporation

  6.乡镇企业 township enterprises

  7.国有企业 state-owned enterprises

  8.合资企业 joint ventures

  9.解放生产力 emancipate/ liberate productivity

  10.振兴国家经济 invigorate our state economy

  11.实行股份制 introduce the shareholding system

  12.全面深化改革 deepen reform all round

  13.提高经济效益 improve economic results

  14.增进效益 increase economic returns

  15.宏观经济调控 macro-economic control and management

  16.经济实力 economic strength

  17.经济转轨 economic transformation

  18.经营机制 operative mechanism

  19.整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order

  20.引进竞争机制 introduce a competitive mechanism

  21.建立技术密集型企业 set up technologically-intensive enterprises

  22.招商引资 canvass business and introduce investment

  23.房地产 real estate

  24.经济特区 special economic zone

  25.基础设施 infrastructure facilities

  26.豆腐渣工程 jerry-built projects

  27.投资热点 investment hot spot

  28.外向型经济 export-oriented economy

  29.按劳分配 distribute according to the work performance

  30.打破平均主义 break / abandon equalitarian

  31.沿海开放城市 open coastal cities

  32.保税区 bonded zone/ area

  33.金融改革 banking system

  34.国民生产总值 Gross National Product

  35.扶贫项目 anti-poverty project

  36.下海经商 plunge into the private business

  37.协调发展 coordinate the development

  38.住房改革 housing reform

  39.社会保障体系 social security system

  40.数字时代 digital times

  41.信息高速公路 the information superhighway

  42.虚拟社区 virtual communities

  43.“菜蓝子”工程 the “shopping-basket” project ( the non-staple food project)

  44.拳头产品 knock-out products/ competitive products

  45.市场萧条 slack market

  46.中国质量万里行 China’s Long March to Quality campaign

  47.冒牌产品 fake brand-name products

  48.假冒伪劣商品 fake and poor quality commodities

  49.谋取暴力 reap colossal profits

  50.提出索赔 lodge a claim

  51.投诉 lodge complaint

  52.贸易争端 trade disputes

  53.乱收费 random charges

  54.市场疲软 sluggish market

  55.贸易顺差 favorable trade balance

  56.贸易逆差 unfavorable trade balance

  57.实行优惠政策 launch a preferential policy

  58.繁荣市场 flourish the market

  59.加入世贸组织 accession to the WTO/ entry into the WTO

  60.最惠国待遇 Most-Favored-Nation treatment

  61.消费者协会 consumer’s association

  62.消费者购买力 consumer purchasing power

  63.新兴市场 emerging market

  64.抑制消费 control / inhibit consumption

  65.无形资产 intangible assets

  66.有形资产 tangible assets

  67.市场占有率 market share

  68.严重违约 grave breach of contract

  69.泡沫经济 bubble economy

  70.品牌效应 brand effect

  71.企业重组 reshuffle of enterprises

  72.贸易壁垒 trade barrier

  73.人才流失 brain drain

  74.清理“三角债” break up the debt chain

  75.企业文化 corporate culture

  76.商业炒作 commercial speculation

  77.扩大内需,刺激消费 expand domestic demand and consumption

  78.拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth

  79.连锁反应 chain reaction / domino effect

  80.竞争优势 competitive edge

  81.经济结构调整 economic restructuring

  82.经济增长点 economic growth point ; growth engine

  83.经济过热 overheated economy

  84.经济滑坡 economic downturn

  85.集约化经营 intensive management

  86.灰色收入 gray income

  87.福利分房 welfare-oriented public housing distribution system

  88.分期付款 installment payment

  89.从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy

  90.按揭购房 buy a house on a mortgage ; mortgage a house

  91.边际效益 marginal benefit

  92.不良贷款 non-performing loan

  93.裁减冗员 lay off redundant staff; cut down on overstaffing

  94.产品更新换代 upgrade of products

  95.创业园 high-tech business incubator; pioneer park

  96.促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy

  97.家庭联产承包责任制 household contract responsibility system

  98.人才战 competition for talented people

  99.脱贫致富 shake/cast off poverty and set out a road to prosperity

  100.资源优化配置 optimizing the allocation of resources

  二、政治类

  为了考研成功,必须又红又专,一起学学与政治有关的主题词汇。

  1.不正之风 bad / harmful practice

  2.霸权主义 hegemonism

  3.奔小康 strive for a better-off life

  4.论资排辈 assign priority according to seniority

  5.持续发展 sustainable development

  6.重复建设 redundant project

  7.大锅饭 egalitarian practice ( of everyone taking food from the same big pot)

  8.多极化 multi-polarization

  9.科学技术是第一生产力 Science and technology are the primary productive force.

  10.机构臃肿 overstaffing in organization

  11.机构改革 institutional restructuring; streamlining

  12.反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government

  13.窗口行业 service trade

  14.核心竞争力 core competitiveness

  15.减员增效 downsizing of staff and improving efficiency

  16.减轻农民负担 reduce farmer’s burdens; lighten the burden on them

  17.跨越式发展 great-leap-forward development

  18.跨世纪发展 trans-century project

  19.民主集中制 democratic centralism

  20.讲诚信﹑反欺诈 honor credibility and oppose cheating

  21.强权外交 power diplomacy

  22.人浮于事 overstaffing

  23.侵吞公款 embezzle public funds

  24.群带关系 networking through petticoat influence

  25.求同存异

  seek common ground on major issues while shelving differences on minor ones

  26.滥用权力 abuse one’s power; misuse one’s authority

  27.廉政建设 build a clean and honest government

  28.三步走战略 the three-step development strategy

  29.三讲教育

  three emphases education—emphasize theoretical study, political awareness and good conduct

  30.三峡工程 Three gorges project

  31.贪污腐化 corruption and degeneration

  32.思想僵硬 fossilized concept

  33.西部开发 the development of China’s west

  34.发展是硬道理 Development is an invariable truth

  35.坚持四项基本原则 uphold the four cardinal principles

  36.地方保护主义 regional protectionism

  37.拜金主义 money worship

  38.行贿受贿 give and take bribery

  39.走后门 get in by the back door / enter by the back door

  40.和平演变 peaceful evolution

  41.贪脏枉法 take bribes and bend the law

  42.以权谋私 abusing power for money

  43.拉关系 try to establish a relationship with sb.

  44.权钱交易 trading power for money

  45.扫黄运动 anti-pornography campaign

  46.公款吃喝 enjoy banquet on public funds

  47.“一国两制”的原则 the principle of “one country, two systems:”

  48.两大主题 two principle themes

  49.坚持一个中国立场 stick to one-China position

  50.全国人民代表大会 National People’s Congress

  51.与国际接轨 synchronize with the world; accord with international norms

  52.社会主义物质文明 socialist material wellbeing

  53.社会主义精神文明 socialist culture and ideology

  54.实现中华民族伟大复兴 bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation

  55.歪风邪气 unhealthy practices and evil phenomena

  56.温暖工程 adequate food and clothing program

  57.知识产权 intellectual property right

  58.综合国力 comprehensive national strength

  59.最低生活保障制度 systems for ensuring a minimum standard of living

  60.政企分开 separate government functions from enterprise management

  61.与时俱进 keep pace with the times

  62.闲置人员 idle hand

  63.养老保险 endowment insurance

  64.以经济建设为中心 focus on the central task of economic construction

  65.下岗职工基本生活费 subsistence allowance for laid-off workers

  66.世界观﹑人生观﹑价值观 world outlook, outlook on life and values

  67.实事求是 seek truth from facts

  68.试点工程 pilot project

  69.政府廉洁高效 clean and efficient government

  70.战略伙伴关系 strategic partnership

  三、环境法律医疗类

  除了以上两类,环境、法律和医疗也是很热门容易考的主题,因为都是跟社会生活息息相关的领域,多点了解也是非常好的。

  1.温室效应 green-house effect

  2.沙漠化 desertification

  3.过度放牧 overgrazing

  4.过度捕鱼 over-fishing

  5.滥砍乱伐 clear-cutting

  6.退耕还林 return cultivated land to forest

  7.沙尘暴 sand storm

  8.生态危机 ecological forest

  9.破坏生态平衡 destroy / upset the ecological balance

  10.自然保护区 nature reserve

  11.环境绿化 environmental greening

  12.禽流感 bird flu

  13.疯牛病 mad cow disease/ BSE

  14.口蹄疫 foot-and-mouth disease

  15.非典 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

  16.偷税﹑骗税 tax evasion and tax fraud

  17.扫黄打非 eliminate pornography and illegal publications

  18.严打斗争 strike-hard campaign

  19.公正合理的国际政治经济新秩序

  a new and rational new international political and economic order

  20.外交纷争 diplomatic disputes

  21.维护世界和平 safeguard world peace

  22.国际惯例 international common practice

  23.民族分裂主义 ethnic separatism

  24.宗教极端主义 religious extremism

  25.世界的基本格局 basic world pattern

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